The Census Bureau recently issued "Daytime population" estimates using Census 2000 data
(See http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/daytime/daytimepop.html).
These estimates include:
a. Workers who go to work, no matter where they live, and no matter what time they travel to work.
b. Residents of an area who are not workers, including everyone who is below 16, and
c. Everyone else who is not a worker, including employed people who did not go to work in the reference period.
For each Place (i.e. city) and County, a ratio of total workers to resident workers is calculated. So, places with high in-movements of workers are distinguished from places with high out-movements of workers. For example, Washington, D.C. and Bethesda, Maryland, have high in-movements of workers.
The Census Bureau recognizes that this is an elementary measure as it doesn't address travel for all trip purposes, only work-related travel. The estimates do not address:
Children going to school.
Workers who leave for work late in the day and work in the evening
Leaving home for other purposes like shopping, social or recreational trips.
Special attractors: universities, hospitals, entertainment centers, regional shopping centers.
Absenteeism from work (vacation, illness, etc).
It assumes that people who are not workers, including all people under age 16, and all retired people without jobs, do not leave their residence place or county. So, it is going to be a low estimate for some places, and high for others.
The level of geographic reporting is all states and counties, and selected places (those with either 2,500 resident workers or total workers). Using CTPP 2000, you can do a similar calculation for any other geography (e.g.: Census Tracts or TAZ or CBD) by:
Daytime population in any geography = CTPP Table 1-047 (total population) MINUS first column in CTPP Table 1-001 (total workers living in an the area) PLUS first column in CTPP Table 2-001 (total workers working in the area)
Why the CB's Daytime Population Estimates will not be exactly the same as results using CTPP 2000:
1. CTPP 2000 values are rounded (4, and then multiples of 5), while the CB's county and place daytime estimates are not rounded.
2. The CTPP 2000 workplace locations are tabulated after "extended workplace allocation" was completed, which assigns work locations using industry, occupation, travel mode and travel time to workers for whom a workplace location was incomplete or missing. The CB's daytime population estimates do not use the extended allocation results.
3. The CB calculation used the 100 percent count as its total population figure. This may be different than the sample count shown in Table 1-047 of CTPP 2000 Part 1, particularly for places (counties should be the same).
For the United States as a whole:
About 46 percent of all persons were workers who went to work, so they are assigned to their workplace location.
About 23 percent of all persons are under age 16, so they are assigned to their home location.
About 28 percent of all persons over age 16 were not in the labor force, so they are assigned to their home location. Of these people NOT in the labor force, about 40 percent are over age 65.
About 3 percent of all persons over age 16 were unemployed, so they are assigned to their home location.
Just be aware of the limitations of these estimates if you plan to use them!
Thank you!
Elaine Murakami and Nanda Srinivasan
Apologies for cross-posting
********
FHWA is re-advertising for a GS 14 position on the NPTS (National Personal Travel Survey) project. Duties include:
- making recommendations regarding survey design, content, methodology, operations, dataset development and user interface
- maintaining effective working relationships with survey sponsors, states and MPOs, national organizations, survey contractors and a large and diverse group of survey users
- analyzing travel behavior trends, and
- assuming some project management duties.
You do not have to be a current or former federal employee to apply for this job. Salary range is $88,369 to $114,882. The position is located in Washington, DC.
For more information or to apply go to: http://jobsearch.usajobs.opm.gov/a9fhwa.asp
click on Washington DC, and look for job announcement FHWA.HPL-2006-0004.
********
Nanda Srinivasan (on behalf of Susan Liss, Program Manager, NPTS, FHWA)
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE LIKELY TO
CONSIDER CENSUS FUNDING THIS WEEK
Plus: More Census Stakeholders Weigh In on Funding Debate;
Senate Approves Adding New Question To the ACS
A House and Senate conference committee is scheduled to meet tomorrow to
iron out differences between two versions of the Fiscal Year 2006
funding bill that covers the Census Bureau, according to Capitol Hill
sources. The tentative schedule calls for the U.S. House of
Representatives to appoint members to the conference committee today;
the U.S. Senate appointed its conferees in September. Conferees would
start meeting on November 3 and complete their negotiations in time to
file a conference report in each chamber early next week. The House
and Senate would then vote separately on the final bill, which cannot be
amended, later in the week. If both chambers approve the conference
bill, the measure will be sent to the President for his signature or
veto.
The Appropriations panels involved in the conference are the House
Subcommittee on Science, State, Justice, and Commerce and the Senate
Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, and Science. Traditionally, all
members of those subcommittees serve as conferees.
The House allocated $65 million less for the Census Bureau than
President Bush requested for Fiscal Year 2006 (FY06), while the Senate
approved $150 million less than the President requested and $17 million
less than the Fiscal Year 2005 funding level.
(Formated table attached)
Potentially complicating the funding picture for the Census Bureau, the
House Appropriations Committee is meeting today to revise the amount of
money allocated to each of its twelve spending panels at the start of
the FY06 budget process last spring. The so-called 302(b)
allocations, named after a provision of the 1974 Congressional Budget
Act, set spending ceilings for each appropriations account, every fiscal
year. Within those ceilings, each appropriations subcommittee must fund
the wide range of federal programs under its jurisdiction. A lower
allocation for the Science, State, Justice, and Commerce Subcommittee
would further squeeze the amount of money available for Census Bureau
programs.
Secretary of Commerce Carlos Gutierrez wrote to appropriators on October
27, to highlight programs in the Commerce funding bill that are a
priority for the department. The secretary asked conferees to allocate
no less than the House mark for the Census Bureau, saying that the
Senate funding level would eliminate the American Community Survey and
require the more costly and less useful Long Form in the 2010 census,
at an additional cost of more then $1 billion. The investments
Congress has made over the last ten years to modernize the Census and
develop the American Community Survey would be lost, Secretary
Gutierrez wrote. The Census Bureau is part of the Economics and
Statistics Administration within the Department of Commerce.
Important census data at risk, stakeholders tell Congress: Stakeholders
who rely on census data for planning, program development and
evaluation, resource investment decisions, service delivery, and grant
applications continued to urge Congress to preserve Census Bureau
programs in FY06 (which began October 1st). State and local
governments, businesses and industry groups, scientific associations,
non-profit and civil rights organizations, in a wave of letters to
appropriations panel members, called on legislators to allocate
sufficient funds for the American Community Survey (ACS), 2010 census
tests, and other demographic surveys and economic data programs. Some
highlighted the need for information on populations and communities
affected by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco wrote that the ACS was an important
federal tool for making prudent investment decisions to help more than
one million residents displaced by the hurricanes. Rep. Tom Davis
(R-VA), chairman of the Government Reform Committee, and Rep. Michael
Turner (R-OH), chairman of the panels Subcommittee on Federalism and
the Census, asked Speaker Dennis Hastert to support temporarily
expanding the ACS in the regions affected by Hurricane Katrina, to
produce detailed data every few months, at an estimated cost of $50
million. If allocations [of federal funds] are made in the absence of
timely, detailed, and accurate information, the risk is very high that
billions of dollars invested in relief and reconstruction efforts will
be ineffective, the congressmen wrote on September 23. The Population
Association of America and Associations of Population Centers continued
their outreach to Congress, saying in a letter that, Information on
occupation, educational attainment, English language proficiency,
housing conditions, and many other important topics will help officials
create conditions and services needed to support successful community
rebuilding in the aftermath of the storms.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said that his city uses ACS data
for transportation, housing, education and community development
planning, and that without the survey, decision makers in both the
public and private sectors will lose a valuable tool for deciphering
emerging trends in American life. The U.S. Conference of Mayors wrote
that the Senate funding level is not enough to employ the latest
innovations and improved counting techniques that will help ensure a
more accurate count in the 2010 census.
Highlighting the importance of economic data in its second letter to
lawmakers, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce called federal statistical
agencies highly efficient and motivated organizations that provide a
vital service to all sectors of the American economy, especially noting
decisions affecting monetary policy, business investment strategies,
trade negotiations, and household finances. Individual businesses,
including Target Corporation and JC Penney, also sent letters to the
Hill, as did the International Council of Shopping Centers. The
National Association of Business Economists urged its members to inform
Congress about the potential loss of economic data on manufactured
products, manufacturers sales and inventories, business hi-tech
equipment and software expenditures, and service industry expenses, all
funded through the Census Bureaus Salaries and Expenses account.
The National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials
(NALEO) Educational Fund expressed its concern about the future of the
ACS and 2010 census improvements several times, most recently organizing
a letter to conferees signed by 13 organizations. The stakeholder
groups noted that the Census Bureau had requested a funding increase for
the ACS because the survey will entail 12 full months of costly field
data collection in 2006, compared to only nine months during 2005, the
start-up year. Congress also failed to allocate enough funds in 2005
to include group quarters (e.g. college dorms, military barracks) in the
ACS. The letter reminded Congress that most key decisions affecting
the design and scope of the 2010 census will be made in the next year.
The diverse letter signers included the American Foundation for the
Blind, Arab American Institute Foundation, National Association of
Counties, American Jewish Committee, National Low Income Housing
Coalition, and Consortium of Social Science Associations.
Senators Susan Collins (R-ME) and Joseph Lieberman (D-CT) warned
conferees that the Senate funding level for the Census Bureau would have
dire consequences on the planned improvement for Census 2010, and will
lead to the elimination of Census programs that improve government and
businesses ability to understand and provide services to communities.
The House-passed funding level for census programs, they said, is a
small investment that can yield a mighty return, and the American people
deserve it. Sens. Collins and Lieberman are the chairman and ranking
minority member, respectively, of the Census Bureaus oversight
committee.
Rep. Carolyn Maloney (D-NY), a member of the Federalism and the Census
Subcommittee, sent her House colleagues an editorial by The Washington
Post (Down for the Count, Oct. 29, 2005), which urged Congress to
accept the House-passed funding level for the Census Bureau. The
editorial noted the wide range of stakeholder groups advocating adequate
funds for the bureau and concluded that, Less useful data for more
money is a shortsighted tradeoff even in this tight budgetary
environment.
Senate bill would add new question to American Community Survey: While
appropriators deliberated 2006 spending levels for the Census Bureau,
the Senate adopted an amendment to NASAs reauthorization bill (S. 1281)
that would require the bureau to add a question to the ACS on field of
degree of college-educated individuals. The data would benefit the
National Science Foundation, according to section 153(a) of the bill.
The amendment was sponsored by Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-TX), a
member of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, and
Science and chair of the Science and Space Subcommittee of the Committee
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. It was cosponsored by Sen.
Bill Nelson (D-FL). The Senate approved the amendment and bill on
September 28; the House version of the NASA reauthorization bill (H.R.
3070) does not include a similar provision related to the ACS.
House census staffer leaves Congress for Archives: David McMillen, a
lead congressional staff member on census and statistical issues for 14
years, has assumed the new position of External Affairs Liaison at the
National Archives. Dr. McMillen was most recently a professional staff
member for Rep. Henry Waxman (D-CA), the ranking Democrat on the House
Government Reform Committee, which oversees the Census Bureau. He
previously worked on the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee in a
similar capacity, specializing in a wide range of information policy
issues including the Freedom of Information Act, Paperwork Reduction
Act, Privacy Act, and data confidentiality. Before coming to Congress,
Dr. McMillen was employed by the Census Bureau as a demographer and
statistician.
In a press release, United States Archivist Allen Weinstein said that
Dr. McMillens appointment will help the agency open the doors to
dialogue and collaboration with all of the organizations that share
interests and relationships with the National Archives. Dr. McMillen
will be the full time liaison to stakeholder and customer communities,
according to the press statement.
[Authors note: David, the entire census stakeholder community is
grateful to you for your many years of informed and tireless support of
comprehensive and accurate data. We will greatly miss your presence on
the Hill, but we know that you will continue to shine in your new
position at the National Archives. I wish you the very best on behalf
of all of my readers!]
Census News Briefs are prepared by Terri Ann Lowenthal, an independent
consultant in Washington, DC, with support from The Annie E. Casey
Foundation and other organizations. Ms. Lowenthal is also a consultant
to The Census Project, sponsored by the Communications Consortium Media
Center. All views expressed in the News Briefs are solely those of the
author. Please direct questions about the information in this News
Brief to Ms. Lowenthal at 202/484-3067 or by e-mail at
TerriAnn2K(a)aol.com. Please feel free to circulate this document to
other interested individuals and organizations.
--
Ed Christopher
708-283-3534 (V)
708-574-8131 (cell)
FHWA RC-TST-PLN
19900 Governors Dr
Olympia Fields, IL 60461
